AnchorsDesign of Anchors in Concrete and Masonry

Besides the assessment of the performance of construction fixings based on EADs and documented by ETAs, the design of the connection is the second pillar to guarantee reliable fixings.

Both, the intended use and performance of the selected fixing element and the design method shall take into account the base material and the load situation e. g.:

• static or dynamic load,
• cracked or uncracked concrete,
• single or redundant fixing or
• the expected service life of the fixing (50 up to 100 years).

General design rules are given in the Eurocode (EN 1992-4). Those rules are complemented by specific design rules for fixing products covered by EADs, which are defined in EOTA Technical Reports.

To enable reliable fixings, the installation of construction fixings shall strictly follow the design specification and the installation instructions of the manufacturer. Anchor installations shall be done by trained persons only.

Eurocode for the design of anchors in concrete

Design rules for anchors in concrete are defined in the Eurocode EN 1992-4. Currently, this standard is under revision with involvement of CFE experts in the national mirror commitees and via the CFE liaison with CEN/TC 250.

EOTA Technical Reports for the design of anchor fixings

The following EOTA Technical Reports contain design rules for applications and products not covered by Eurocode:

• EOTA TR049 Post-installed fasteners in concrete under seismic action
• EOTA TR054 Design methods for anchorages with metal injection anchors and screw anchors for use in masonry
• EOTA TR055 Design of fastenings based on EAD 330232-00-0601, EAD 330499-00-0601 and EAD 330747-00-06-01
• EOTA TR061 Design method for fasteners in concrete under fatigue cyclic loading
• EOTA TR062 Design of fasteners for facade panels made of natural stone (except slate) and ceramic tiles (stoneware)
• EOTA TR064 Design of plastic anchors in concrete and masonry
• EOTA TR069 Design method for anchorage of post-installed reinforcing bars (rebars) with improved bond-splitting behavior as compared to EN 1992-1-1
• EOTA TR075 Design of bonded screw fasteners for use in concrete
• EOTA TR080 Design of plastic anchors for fixing façade claddings through angle brackets in masonry and concrete under seismic action
• EOTA TR082 Design of bonded fasteners in concrete under fire conditions

AST bulletin “Concrete Fastener Qualification and Design in Europe”

In cooperation with CFE the Association Steel fibre Technology (AST) has published a bulletin on the current state of fixings with anchors in steel fibre concrete.